Hardware Interrupt: It happens when an external event occurs like an external interrupt pin changes its state from LOW to HIGH or HIGH to LOW. After executing the ISR processor can again resume the normal execution. For example, a processor doing a normal execution can be interrupted by some sensor to execute a particular process that is present in ISR (Interrupt Service Routine). So technically, Interrupts is a mechanism by which an I/O or instruction can suspend the normal execution of the processor and gets itself serviced like it has higher priority. The regular process is resumed after serving the Interrupt. Almost every electronic device has some kind to interrupts to ‘interrupt’ the regular process and do some higher priority things on a particular event. So what makes a sudden opening of an airbag in seconds? The answer is interrupts, an interrupt signal is used here which has the highest priority of all.Īnother simple example of Interrupts is touch screen mobile phones which have the highest priority to the “Touch” sense. Microcontrollers present in the car monitor many things simultaneously like sensing the speed of the car, checking other sensors, controlling air conditioner temperature etc. Then based on that interrupt the microcontroller produces an electric signal to deploy the airbags immediately. Consider a fast-moving car, if it suddenly gets hit by another car in opposite direction, the first thing that happens is that, the accelerometer sensor present in the car senses a sudden de-acceleration and triggers an external interrupt to the microcontroller present in the car.
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